Bacterial community diversity in Dermatophagoides farinae using high-throughput sequencing / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the bacterial community diversity in Dermatophagoides farinae. Methods Laboratory-cultured D. farinae was collected, and the composition of microbial communities was determined by sequence analyses of the V4 region in the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene on an Illumina PE250 high-throughput sequencing platform. Following quality control and filtering of the raw sequence files, valid reads were obtained and subjected to operational taxonomic units (OTU) clustering and analysis of the composition of microbial communities and alpha diversity index using the Usearch software, Silva database, and Mothur software. Results A total of 187 616 valid reads were obtained, and 469 OTUs were clustered based on a sequence similarity of more than 97%. OTU annotation showed that the bacteria in D. farinae belonged to 26 phyla, 43 classes, 100 orders, 167 families and 284 genera. The bacteria in D. farinae were mainly annotated to five phyla of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota, and Acidobacteriota, with Proteobacteria as the dominant phylum, and mainly annotated to five dominant genera of Ralstonia, norank-f-Mitochondria, Staphylococcus and Sphingomonas, with Wolbachia identified in the non-dominant genus. Conclusions A high diversity is identified in the composition of the bacterial community in D. farinae, and there are differences in bacterial community diversity and abundance among D. farinae.

Optimization of Extraction Technology of Compound Danggui Buxue Decoction by Central Composite Design-Response Surface Method / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To optimize extraction technology of Compound Danggui Buxue Decoction. Methods On the basis of single factor test, factorial design, and fastest rise test, yield and weight sum of extraction efficiency of ferulic acid, paeoniflorin and ligustilide were set as response, and central composite design-response surface method was used to optimize the extraction technology of Danggui Buxue Decoction. Results The optimum conditions consisted of ultrasonic-wave extraction for 60 min, ethyl alcohol concentration 36％ and the ratio of material to solvent = 1:94. Conclusion This method has high extraction efficiency, easy operation and good predictability.

Results of accelerated trans - epithelial corneal collagen cross-linking protocol for the treatment of progressive keratoconus / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To report the long- term clinical outcomes of accelerated trans-epithelial corneal cross-linking ( CXL ) protocols using KXL System ( Avedro, USA ) in the treatment of progressive keratoconus. · METHODS: Totally 52 patients ( 102 eyes ) with progressive keratoconus between December 2014 and February 2017 [ maximum keratometry values ( Kmax) ≤60.0D, minimum corneal thickness(Thk) ≥400m] were treated with an accelerate trans-epithelial CXL protocol (UV-A irradiation intensity 45mW/cm2 with a total fluence of 7. 2J/cm2 ) using KXL system ( Avedro, USA ) in Southwest Hospital. The average follow-up time was 11. 65mo (range: 9-26mo). Uncorrected distance visual acuity ( UDVA) , corrected distance visual acuity ( CDVA) , intra- ocular pressure ( IOP ) , slit-lamp microscope examination, Kmax and average keratometry values ( AveK ) , corneal stromal demarcation line depth and endothelial cell density ( ECD) were evaluated. ·RESULTS:The 52 patients (102 eyes) were included in this research, male 36 (70 eyes) and female 16 (32 eyes), average age was 19. 5±4. 6 years. Preoperative CDVA was 0. 84±0. 89 (LogMAR), postoperative CDVA was 0. 69±0. 72 ( P = 0. 398 ). Preoperative UDVA was 1. 02 ± 0. 62 (LogMAR), postoperative UDVA was 0. 85 ± 0. 59 ( P =0. 154 ). Preoperative IOP was 12. 95 ± 4. 40mmHg, postoperative IOP was 11.92±3. 66mmHg (P=0. 272). No statistical difference (P=0. 552) has been found between preoperative and postoperative ECD. Nevertheless, on the Sirius anterior system ( Sirius, CSO, Itlay) , significant statistical difference (P=0. 017) was confirmed between preoperative Kmax ( 50. 83 ± 3. 48D ) and postoperative Kmax (52. 05±3. 63D). Meanwhile, the postoperative Avek (47.74±2. 51D) was significantly lower (P=0. 041) than the preoperative Avek ( 48. 73 ± 4. 33D ). The average corneal stromal demarcation line depth ( 192 ± 23. 6μm ) was detected by the anterior segment OCT. No statistical difference ( P = 0. 816 ) has been found between preoperative and postoperative Thk. No severe complication was observed in all cases. ·CONCLUSION: Accelerated trans-epithelial CXL was effective in decreasing keratometry values for progressive keratoconus in this research, and the outcomes remained stable during the follow-up time. No endothelium damage or other severe complications were observed in this clinical research. The accelerated trans-epithelial CXL is as effective as the standard CXL.

Impact of diabetes on dynamics of serum myocardium biomarkers, infarct size, and in hospital outcomes in patients with a first acute myocardial infarction

Diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction [AMI] have poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to compare the influence of diabetes on prognosis after AMI by serial changes of serum myocardium biomarkers and infarct size. CK-MBmass and CK-MBact were measured by the microparticle enzyme immunoassay and immunoinhibition assay respectively. The size of the myocardial infarction area was calculated on the basis of serial changes. In diabetic AMI patients [n=72], the peak values of CK-MBmass and CK-MBact appeared at 23.1 h and 24.2 h, and maintained at peak level for 16.6 h and 17.3 h before returned to normal by 62.3 h and 69.2 h respectively. In contrary, the peak values of these enzymes in non-diabetic AMI surfers [n=154] returned to normal by 58.4 h and 63.2 h respectively [both P<0.01]. Patients with diabetes also had larger infarct size as calculated by the serial serum measurements of CK-MBmass [47.3 +/- 10.5 vs 41.6 +/- 10.7, P<0.01] and CK-MBact [52.4 +/- 12.8 vs 46.9 +/- 13.4, P<0.01], accompanying with higher occurrences of arrhythmias [40.3% vs 29.9%, P<0.01], cardiac dysfunction [34.7% vs 24.0%, P<0.01], and mortality [11.1% vs 7.1%, P<0.01]. Diabetic patients with AMI are associated with increased release of serum myocardium biomarkers, larger infarct size, and higher incidence of in-hospital complications and mortality. These associations could explain the poor prognosis in diabetic patients with AMI

Unilateral amyloid-beta25-35 injection into the rat amygdala increases the expressions of aberrant tau phosphorylation kinases / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Neuropathologically, Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterized by the presence of extracellular plaques enriched in beta-amyloid peptides; however, the mechanism by which it results in the neurotoxicity is uncertain. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether it would prompt the progress of Alzheimer disease via enhancement of aberrant phosphorylated tau that results from its increased kinase gene expression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four male rats were divided into three groups, and each group had 8 rats: control, sham-operated, and Abeta(25-35) injected AD model groups. AD rat models were created by unilateral injections of Abeta(25-35) into the amygdala. The hyperphosphorylated tau protein was estimated by immunohistochemistry with paired helical filament-1 (PHF-1) antibody and paired helical filament-tau (AT8) antibody. The expressions of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P(38)MAPK) mRNA were observed by in situ hybridization.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control and sham-operated groups, the evaluation of paired AT8 and paired helical filament-1 (PHF-1) in the cortexes and hippocampus of the AD model group showed the numbers of AT8 and PHF-1 positive cells, as well as the optical density (OD) values of the proteins were significantly higher (AT8: in CA2: 0.318 +/- 0.037 vs. 0.135 +/- 0.028, 0.136 +/- 0.031; in frontal cortex: 0.278 +/- 0.040 vs. 0.130 +/- 0.028, 0.190 +/- 0.037. PHF-1: in CA2: 0.386 +/- 0.034 vs. 0.139 +/- 0.010, 0.193 +/- 0.041; in frontal cortex: 0.395 +/- 0.050 vs. 0.159 +/- 0.030, 0.190 +/- 0.044, respectively, P < 0.01); the number of GSK-3beta mRNA and P(38)MAPK mRNA positive cells of the AD model group, as well as the OD values, also increased significantly in the cortexes, hippocampus (GSK-3beta-mRNA: in CA2: 0.384 +/- 0.012 vs. 0.190 +/- 0.015, 0.258 +/- 0.064; in frontal cortex: 0.398 +/- 0.018 vs. 0.184 +/- 0.031, 0.218 +/- 0.049. P(38)MAPK mRNA: in CA2: 0.409 +/- 0.038 vs. 0.161 +/- 0.041, 0.189 +/- 0.035; in frontal cortex: 0.423 +/- 0.070 vs. 0.160 +/- 0.032, 0.203 +/- 0.053, respectively, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Unilateral injection of Abeta(25-35) into the rat amygdala increases the generation of aberrant phosphorylated tau by increasing GSK-3beta and P(38)MAPK gene expression, that accelerates the process of Alzhemer's disease.</p>

Transplanted bone marrow stromal cells improve cognitive dysfunction due to aging hypoperfusion in rats / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Aging is an important risk factor for vascular dementia, and D-galactose (D-gal) injection can simulate the pathology of aging. Two-vessel occlusion of common carotid arteries (2VO) is the most popular model for vascular dementia. This study was aimed to investigate the possibility of D-gal injection plus 2VO simulating cognitive impairment of aging vascular dementia; and whether transplanted bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) can improve the cognitive function induced by D-gal injection plus 2VO.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups equivalently: control group, D-gal group, D-gal + 2VO group, D-gal + 2VO + saline water group, and D-gal + 2VO + BMSCs group. Aging hypoperfusion rats were created by subcutaneous injection of D-gal and occlusion of two common carotid arteries. BMSCs or saline water was stereotactically transplanted into the subventricular zone as treatment vehicles at 24 hours post operation. Two-way repeat analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for significance analysis of 5 groups at 6 weeks post transplantation; moreover, Tamhane's test (equal variance not assumed) and least significant difference (LSD) test (equal variance assumed) were used for pairwise comparison in Morris water maze (MWM).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Transplanted BMSCs distributed around the lateral ventricles and acquired the phenotypes of neurons and astrocytes. In terms of swimming path distance and escape latency in MWM, D-gal + 2VO + BMSC group showed significant improvement than the D-gal + 2VO group but was still obviously worse than the control group (both P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in swimming speed for all 5 groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>D-gal plus 2VO induces cognitive dysfunction. The engrafted BMSCs exhibit the beneficial effect on cognitive function via promotion interactively with host brain.</p>

Characteristics of Monophasic Action Potential and Calcium Current of Heart in Rabbit with Hyperlipidemia / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of hyperlipidemia on monophasic action potential and calcium current of heart in rabbits.Methods24 rabbits were divided into the high cholesterol group (n=12) and control group (n=12) and fed with high cholesterol forage and standard forage respectively for 10 weeks. Electrocardiograph, ventricular fibrillation threshold and the level of serum lipid were examined. Whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record I_ Ca-L.ResultsIn high cholesterol group, the serum cholesterol level was higher than the control group ( P<0.01), ventricular fibrillation threshold (10.2±1.7 V) lower than that of the control group (13.9±1.3 V)( P<0.05), MAPD90 displayed more significant rate-dependent prolongation. At cycle lengths of 1500 ms, MAPD90 was 358±18 ms in the high cholesterol group, while it was 277±20 ms in the control group. The densities of ICa-L were larger in the high cholesterol group (14.7±0.8 pA/pF) than that in the control group (10.9±1.1 pA/pF)( P<0.01).ConclusionHypercholesterolemia can produce cardiac electrical remodeling, including increased ICa-L, prolonged repolarization and decreased ventricular fibrillation thresholds.

A clinical study of low frequency electric stimulation on the patients with vertebrobasUar insufficiency / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To explore the effects of low frequency electric stimulation on the clinical manifes- tation and its influence on the level of plasma Endothelin (ET),atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP),thromboxane B_2 (TXB_2),angiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ),Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide(CGRP) and Neuron-specific Enolase(NSE) and its clinical significance in the patients with vertebrobasilar insufficiency(VBI). Methods One hundred and tewenty cases of VBI patients were randomly divided into two groups:a treatment group and a control group.Both groups received routine drug treatment.The treatment group (n=60) was also treated with low frequency electric stimulation at bilateral mastoid processfes in addition.The improved rate of the clinical symptom,the plasma level of ET,ANP,TXB_2,AngⅡ,GRP and NSE were observed after treatment. Results The patients treated in the treatment group had significantly better outcome than the control group in terms of symptom relief.The effective rate was 87.93% and 67.80% in the treatment group and control group,respectively(P

Clinical significance of dynamic changes of plasma neuron-specific enolase,endothelin and calcitonin gene-related peptide in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of serum levels of neuron-specific enolase(NSE),endothelin(ET)and calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)and their clinical significance in the elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods One hundred and twenty elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI),60 elderly patients with lacunar infarct,60 elderly patients with hypertension and 60 elderly patients with cerebral artherosclerosis were enrolled. The areas of infarction were measured and the venous blood samples at different times were collected after cerebral infarction to determine the concentrations of NSE,ET and CGRP by radioimmunoassay. Results There were dynamic changes of the plasma levels of NSE,ET and CGRP.In the early time the plasma levels of NSE and ET of the elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction were significantly higher than those of the elderly patients with cerebral artherosclerosis,or with hypertension,or with lacunar infarct(P＜0.01,P＜0.01,P＜0.05,respectively),and were gradually declined along with timing.In ACI group,the level of NSE began to increase gradually after 24 hours,reached the highest in 2 days,and decreased to normal after 14 days,but the level of ET was always higher than those in the cerebral artherosclerosis and hypertension groups.The ET levels in lacunar infarct and hypertension groups were also significantly higher than in the cerebral artherosclerosis group(P＜0.01).However,when compared with the cerebral artherosclerosis and hypertension groups,the plasma concentrations of CGRP in cerebral infarction and lacunar infarct groups were obviously lower(P＜0.01),and increased gradually.We also found the larger the infarction area,the lower the level of CGRP.Conclusions The NSE,ET and CGRP concentrations are associated closely with acute cerebral infaction.Monitoring the level of NSE is applicable for early diagnosis of cerebral infarction.